Wisconsin CNA State Exam Vocabulary Practice

Which muscle separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity and is the principal muscle of respiration?

1. Dirty linen

2. Diaphragm

3. Diabetes

4. Dialysis

The correct answer is: Diaphragm

The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle located at the base of the thoracic (chest) cavity, which plays a critical role in the process of respiration. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, expanding the chest cavity and allowing air to be drawn into the lungs. This movement is essential for inhalation, and when the diaphragm relaxes, it pushes upward, helping to expel air from the lungs during exhalation. Understanding the diaphragm's function helps emphasize its significance in breathing, as it is the primary muscle that facilitates this vital process. In contrast, the other options are unrelated to the anatomical and physiological functions associated with respiration: 'dirty linen' refers to soiled clothing or bedding, 'diabetes' is a metabolic disorder related to insulin, and 'dialysis' is a medical treatment for kidney failure. None of these terms pertain to the anatomy or function of muscles involved in respiratory processes.